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. 2013 Nov 26;35(2):373–382. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgt380

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Elevated expression of YKL-40 in GBM is associated with increased tumor angiogenesis, high vessel stability and decreased survival. (A) Ten cases of GBMs were classified into high YKL-40 (YKL-H) and low YKL-40 (YKL-L) groups (n = 5 for each). Representative images from each group indicated single staining (brown) of IHC for YKL-40, CD31 and SMa and double staining for SMa (brown) and CD31 (pink). Dual immunofluorescent analyses of YKL-40 (red)/SMa (green), SMa (red)/CD31 (green) and fibrinogen (Red)/CD31 (green) were shown. Yellow images indicated overlay of red and green fluorescence. DAPI (blue) was used to stain the nuclei. Bars: 100 µm. (B) Survival data were analyzed in these two groups. *P <0.05 compared with YKL-H, n = 5. (C) Quantification of CD31 vessel density and vessel diameter from single immunohistochemical staining of CD31 in A. (D) Quantification of the ratio of fibrinogen versus CD31 from A for vessel leakage, in which the ratio of fibrinogen density to CD31 density in the YKL-H was set as 1 unit.