Table 4. Management strategy chosen for AF (%).* .
| Types of AF | ||||||
| Permanent | ||||||
| Nonpermanent | All | Controlled AF | Uncontrolled AF | p-value | p-value | |
| N = 5622 | N = 4869 | n = 2262 | n = 2246 | (controlled AF vs. uncontrolled AF) | (nonpermanent vs. permanent) | |
| Any type of cardioversion† | 0.018 | <0.001 | ||||
| None | 64.2 | 93.6 | 94.5 | 92.2 | ||
| 1 | 21.4 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.6 | ||
| 2 | 7.5 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.9 | ||
| >2 | 6.9 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 2.3 | ||
| Strategy before the visit | 0.027 | <0.001 | ||||
| Rhythm control | 56.5 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 10.1 | ||
| Rate control | 27.5 | 84.2 | 85.9 | 83.2 | ||
| Both | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| None | 15.9 | 6.8 | 6.1 | 6.7 | ||
| Strategy at the end of the visit | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Rhythm control | 63.1 | 7.2 | 6.4 | 7.9 | ||
| Rate control | 30.9 | 88.3 | 87.7 | 89.6 | ||
| Both | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | ||
| None | 5.7 | 4.3 | 5.8 | 2.2 | ||
| Evolution from rhythm-control strategy | 0.015 | <0.001 | ||||
| No change | 89.4 | 60.4 | 64.4 | 55.6 | ||
| Rate (± rhythm) | 8.0 | 35.7 | 29.4 | 41.8 | ||
| None | 2.6 | 3.9 | 6.1 | 2.7 | ||
| Evolution from rate-control strategy | 0.12 | <0.001 | ||||
| No change | 78.3 | 97.9 | 97.8 | 98.1 | ||
| Rhythm (± rate) | 19.9 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.6 | ||
| None | 1.8 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.4 | ||
AF, atrial fibrillation.
Rate (± rhythm): rate control with or without rhythm control; rhythm (± rate): rhythm control with or without rate control.
Data are not complete for all patients: the reported percentage is for the number of patients with data available for each given variable.
Including pharmacologic cardioversion with AAD therapy and electrical cardioversion; data are not complete for all patients: the reported percentage is for the number of patients with data available for each given variable.
Table S6 shows management strategy for permanent AF patients according to revised definition of control used in the RACE II study, i.e., lenient control (in sinus rhythm or in AF with heart rate [HR] <110 beats per minute [bpm]) or no control (no sinus rhythm and in AF with HR ≥110 bpm).