A shows TNF-α (30 kDa) and TNF-R1 (55 kDa), IL-1β (17 kDa), IL-1R1 (80 kDa) and β-actin (42 kDa) immunoreactive bands, respectively. Bar graphs in B, C show significant increase in the optical density of TNF-α and IL-1β, TNF-R1, IL-1R1 following hypoxic exposure when compared with the corresponding controls (*P<0.01). Panels D and E show the graphical representation of the fold changes in TNF-α and IL-1β, TNF-R1, IL-1R1 mRNA, respectively as quantified by normalization to the β-actin as an internal control. Significant increase in TNF-α and IL-1β, TNF-R1, IL-1R1 mRNA levels in the PWM after the hypoxic exposure is evident when compared with controls (*P<0.01). The panels F show TNF-α (30 kDa) and IL-1β (17 kDa) immunoreactive protein bands in cultured control astrocytes and at 3 h after hypoxic exposure. G is bar graph showing changes in the optical density of TNF-α and IL-1β, respectively, following hypoxic exposure. H (TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) show the graphical representation of the fold changes quantified by normalization to the β-actin as an internal control. Significant differences in protein and mRNA levels in astrocytes after the hypoxic exposure are evident when compared with controls (* P<0.01).