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. 2014 Jan 31;9(1):e87546. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087546

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© 2014 Pavlou et al

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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Cell-fate determination has two phases: a prepatterning phase, followed by a determination phase. Sox2 (Sox2 levels or Sox2 along with a partner protein (X)) is important during the prepatterning phase, where is inhibits cells from adopting a PhR fate. In contrast, the Notch and BMP pathways are important during the determination fate, where BMP induces the PhR fate and Notch inhibits the PN fate. A yet-to-be-identified modulator (Y) is responsible for inducing the PN fate.