Table 2. Variation in collagen crosslinking in human bones with age, disease and therapy (relative to control values).
| FTIRI collagen maturity | Enzymatic crosslinks | AGEs | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agea | Increasesb | Increases56 | Increases in cortical bone56 |
| Osteogenesis imperfectac | Increasedb | No change57 | No change57 |
| Osteomalaciac | No changed | ND | ND |
| Renal osteodystrophyc | No change55 | Increased58 (rats) | Increased58 (rats) |
| Osteoporosisc | Increased59 | Increasede | Increasede |
| +Alendronatef | No change60,61 | No change (dogs)62 | Decreased (dogs)62 |
| +Risedronatef | No change (dogs)61 | No change (dogs)62 | Decreased (dogs)62 |
| +Zoledronatef | No changeb | ND | ND |
| +PTHf | No changeb | Increased (monkeys)63 | Decreased (monkeys)63 |
| +Estrogenf | Increased64 | ND | ND |
| +Raloxifene (SERM)f | No change | ND | Decreased |
Abbreviations: AGE, advanced glycosylation end-products; FTIRI, Fourier transform infrared microscopic imaging; ND, not determined; PTH, parathyroid hormone; SERM, selective estrogen receptor modulator.
avs Younger individuals,
bA Boskey, E Carter, CL Raggio, unpublished data,
cvs Age-matched control,
dSee Faibish et al.29,
eSee Vashishth.33,
fvs Untreated osteoporotic.