Table 3. Variation of noncollagenous bone protein concentrations in healthy and diseased human and animal bonesa.
| Protein | Bone conc. in osteoporosis | Bone conc. in OI (types I–IV) | Bone conc. after drug treatment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albumin | Reduced65 | Increased | ? |
| Alpha 2-HS Glycoprotein (fetuin) | Unchanged65 | Increased66 | ? |
| Bone Gla protein (osteocalcin) | Reduced67 | Increased66 | ? |
| Fibronectin | ? | Increased68 | ? |
| Matrix Gla protein | Reduced69 | ? | +ALN not affected (mice)70 |
| Large proteoglycans | ? | Decreased67 | +ZOL reduced71,72 |
| SLRPS | |||
| Biglycan | Depleted72,73 | Decreased68 | ? |
| Decorin | Depleted72 | No change68 | ? |
| Osteoadherin | No change74 | ? | ? |
| SIBLINGS | |||
| BSP | Associated with BMD75 | No change76 | +ALN (rats) reduced77+PTH (mice) reduced78+Sr ranelate no effect79 |
| DMP1 | Increased (mouse)80 | No change76 | +Ca supplement increased81 |
| DPP | ? | Decreased80 | ? |
| MEPE | Reduced82,83Associated with BMD82,83,84 | No change76 | +Ca supplement decreased81 |
| Osteopontin | Reduced85 | No change76 | +PTH serum levels lowered86 |
| Osteonectin | Reduced (mouse)87Associated with BMD in males88 | Reduced68 | +ALN (rats) reduced77 |
| Thrombospondins | Associated with BMD89,90 | TSP1 increased76 | ? |
| Matrix metalloproteases | |||
| MMP13 | Reduced;81,84 associated with BMD82 | ? | +ALN (rats) reduced91 |
| ADAMTS18 | Associated with BMD in Japanese women82 | ? | ? |
| Phosphatases | |||
| FAM210A | Reduced;82 associated with BMD84 | ? | ? |
| Alkaline phosphatase | Associated with BMD90No change in staining (rats)91 | Decreased staining91 | +ZOL-enhanced staining92 |
| Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase | Increased93,94 | Increased staining (mice)95 | +Estrogen reduced92 |
Abbreviations: ADAMTS18, A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease with ThromboSpondin repeats; ‘Associations', refer to gene expression studies; ALN, alendronate; BMD, bone mineral density; BSP, bone sialoprotein; Conc., relative concentration; DMP1, dentin matrix protein 1; DPP, dentin phosphoprotein; ?, no data available; MEPE, matrix extracellular phosphorylated glycoprotein; MMP13, matrix metalloproteinase 13; OI, osteogenesis imperfecta; PTH, parathyroid hormone; SIBLING, small integrin-binding N-glycosylated; SLRPS, small leucine-rich proteoglycans; TSP1, thrombospondin-1; ZOL, zoledronate.
aSee review by Boskey and Robey40 for the function of these proteins and animal models in which the diseases mentioned are noted. Items without reference numbers are discussed in that text.