Table 4.
Total plasma fatty acid concentration in HF patients and controls.
| Fatty acids/Concentration | Control | HF |
|---|---|---|
| µM | µM | |
| TOTAL | 15,169±2951 | 15,030±5433 |
| (A)PUFA | 6202±1012 | 5298±1526⁎⁎⁎⁎ |
| n-6 | 5518±926 | 4826±1377⁎⁎⁎ |
| C18:2n-6 (linoleic acid) | 4226±804 | 3592±1192⁎⁎ |
| C18:3n-6 (gamma linolenic) | 70.6±28.1 | 69.9±36.3 |
| C20:3n-6 (dihomogamma acid) | 203±61 | 183±67 |
| C20:4n-6 (arachidonic acid) | 976.2±235.8 | 930.2±267.0 |
| n-3 | 664±238 | 446±194⁎⁎⁎⁎ |
| C18:3n-3 (α-linolenic acid) | 96.3±32.4 | 97.0±45.6 |
| C20:5n-3 (EPA) | 158±112 | 81.4±45.2⁎⁎⁎⁎ |
| C22:5n-3 (DPA) | 67.4±18.2 | 61.2±28.2 |
| C22:6n-3 (DHA) | 338±123 | 202±109⁎⁎⁎⁎ |
| (B)Mono-unsaturated fatty acids | 3808±1039 | 4513±2006⁎ |
| n-9 | 3169±821 | 3788±1587⁎⁎ |
| C18:1n-9 (oleic acid) | 2924±808 | 3556±1566⁎ |
| C18:1n-9T (elaidic acid) | 33.9±16.5 | 45.6±24.5⁎ |
| C20:3n-9 (eicosatrienoic acid) | 19.7±10.1 | 26.1±14.8⁎ |
| C22:1n-9 (erucic acid) | 51.7±10.0 | 53.6±17.1 |
| C24:1n-9 (nervonic acid) | 149±38 | 126±36⁎ |
| n-7 | 604±241 | 680±431 |
| C16:1n-7 (palmitoleic acid) | 361±185 | 399±336 |
| C18:1n-7 (vaccenic acid) | 243±63 | 281±108 |
| Trans fatty acids | 50.3±19.9 | 64.4±29.2⁎⁎ |
| Saturated fatty acids | 5214±1261 | 5291±2240 |
| C12:0 (lauric acid) | 19.8±10.3 | 26.0±21.5 |
| C14:0 (myristic acid) | 197±95 | 195±123 |
| C16:0 (palmitic acid) | 3809±973 | 3932±1867 |
| C18:0 (stearic acid) | 890±208 | 894±249 |
| C20:0 (arachidic acid) | 30.0±5.4 | 27.2±5.3⁎ |
| C22:0 (behenic acid) | 90.1±19.8 | 67.2±22.4⁎⁎⁎⁎ |
| C24:0 (lignoceric acid) | 67.7±21.9 | 37.9±15.8⁎⁎⁎⁎ |
Data are means±SD. PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid, EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid, DPA, Docosapentaenoic acid, DHA, docosahexanaenoic acid.
⁎
P<0.05, ⁎⁎P<0.01, ⁎⁎⁎P<0.001 and ⁎⁎⁎⁎P<0.0001: HF vs. controls, using ANCOVA adjusting for age and sex as covariates.