Table 2.

Tests of associations between observed maternal positive parenting and maternal BOLD activations by the two kids of stimuli in brain regions of interest using small-volume correction (N = 34).

Cortical regions of interest	Positive Parenting
	β	χ2
OWN > UNRELATED CHILD
Orbital frontal cortex
Left	0.25	4.56*
Right	0.26	4.60*
Anterior cingulate cortex
Left	0.43	5.64*
Right	0.12	0.44
PROVOCATIVE > NEUTRAL BEHAVIOR WHEN VIEWING OWN CHILD CONTRAST
Anterior cingulate cortex
Left	−0.15	0.10
Right	−0.97	5.87*
Hippocampus
Left	0.18	0.08
Right	1.42	3.85*

^*P < 0.05. Simultaneous regression analyses controlling for the child's sex and age at the time of the mother-child interaction task, the child's race-ethnicity, the child's diagnosis (ADHD or healthy control), the child's level of disruptive behavior during the task, premature birth, caesarian delivery, parity, birth order, time of day of the mother's scan, and mother's age at the time of the scan.