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. 2013 Jun 3;15(10):2841–2849. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.12153

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© 2013 The Authors. Environmental Microbiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for Applied Microbiology.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Standardization of the multilayer density separation method.A. Photograph illustrating the appearance of the multiple density layers after centrifugation.B. Percent recovery of Escherichia coli cells from control sediment C and natural cells from sediment sample (Site C9001, Core 1H-1). Density layers: 1.16 and 1.27 g cm⁻³ with Nycodenz and 2.15 and 2.60 g cm⁻³ with sodium polytungstate. Bars show the standard deviation (n > 10).C. Optimizing the number of density layers. Seven different composition of density layers (a–g) were compared for cell separation efficiency. The density (g cm⁻³) of each layer is shown below the bar graph. Values shaded in gray represent layers of sodium polytungstate.