Table 3. Changes in variables along among the study groups following intervention.
| Variables | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| before | after | before | after | before | after | before | after | |
| MDA (ng/ml) | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 1.2 ± 0.2# | 2.0 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.3* | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.2 |
| SOD (U/gHb) | 693.9 ±3 1.1 | 720.6 ± 29.4* | 682.6 ± 71.1 | 694.9 ± 70.6* | 704.5 ± 67.7 | 726.9 ± 68.7* | 676.4 ± 97.6 | 678.4 ± 97.3 |
| GPx (U/gHb) | 53.1 ± 4.3 | 81.5 ± 2.8* | 52.9 ± 7.6 | 64.7 ± 8.3* | 48.1 ± 6.9 | 73.2 ± 6.2* | 50.1 ± 9.6 | 52.1 ± 9.6 |
| TAC (mg/dl) | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.3* | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.3 |
| FBS (mg/dl) | 159.4 ± 50.7 | 130.4 ± 37.0* | 153.4 ± 45.0 | 132.6 ± 35.1* | 149.2 ± 30.2 | 136.0 ± 38.0# | 155.7 ± 55.4 | 135.2 ± 49.6* |
| HbA1C % | 7.7 ± 0.9 | 7.0 ± 1.2* | 7.7 ± 1.4 | 7.1 ± 1.1# | 8.1 ± 0.9 | 7.1 ± 1.1* | 8.1 ± 1.6 | 7.1 ± 0.9# |
| TG (mg/dl) | 203.1 ± 53.1 | 171.8 ± 45.0* | 163.7 ± 56.4 | 139.5 ± 46.9# | 153.6 ± 45.3 | 128.1 ± 46.9* | 134.1 ± 71.6 | 115.5 ± 73.8* |
| VitC (mg/dl) | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.04* | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.2* | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.03 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.03 |
*Significant difference in respect to baseline (by paired t-test): p<0.01. mean ± SD
# Significant difference in respect to baseline (by paired t-test): p<0.05. mean ± SD
[EPA= eicosapentaenoic acid; MDA= Malondialdehyde; SOD= Superoxide Dismutase; G-PX= Glutathione Peroxidase; TAC = Total Capacity of Antioxidant; HbA1c = Glycosylated hemoglobin; FBS= Fasting blood sugar; TG= Triglyceride].