Table 2.

Univariate Logistic Regression Analysis of Clinical Factors and Soluble Biomarkers Associated with the Presence of Coronary Artery Calcium

	Odds ratio	p-value	95% Confidence interval
Clinical parameters
Age	1.15	<0.001a	1.08	1.22
Male gender	1.55	0.42	0.53	4.56
Hypertension	2.23	0.03a	1.08	4.63
Diabetes	0.90	0.88	0.23	3.51
With history of smoking	1.32	0.45	0.64	2.71
Total cholesterol/HDL ratio	0.98	0.55	0.91	1.05
FRS risk category
Low risk (<10%)	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Intermediate risk (10–20%)	3.06	0.02a	1.16	8.09
High risk (>20%)	5.25	0.003a	1.75	15.80
Current CD4%	1.00	0.78	0.97	1.03
Soluble biomarkersb
sE selectin	1.08	0.90	0.29	4.12
sVCAM-1	8.97	0.13	0.52	153.78
sICAM-1	2.40	0.33	0.42	13.67
MMP-9	1.10	0.87	0.33	3.74
MPO	1.09	0.88	0.37	3.21
tPAI-1	1.73	0.54	0.30	10.14
CRP	1.28	0.30	0.80	2.04
SAA	1.14	0.54	0.75	1.75
SAP	1.01	0.98	0.44	2.34
IL-1β	0.95	0.96	0.12	7.48
IL-6	1.84	0.15	0.81	4.22
IL-8	1.44	0.68	0.25	8.10
IL-10	1.12	0.65	0.68	1.83
TNF-α	3.70	0.01a	1.30	10.48
MCP-1	12.2	0.03a	1.27	117.77
VEGF	1.87	0.12	0.84	4.16
IFN-γ	0.81	0.61	0.36	1.84
NT-proBNP	1.34	0.38	0.70	2.58

^aStatistically significant.

^bOdds ratios were calculated based on log-transformed values of soluble biomarkers.