Growth of and carbohydrate degradation by B. longum subsp. longum NCC2705, a strain representing cluster II, in a medium for colon bacteria with 5 g of XOS liter−1 (A) or 5 g of (A)XOS liter−1 (B and C) as a function of time (samples taken at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h). Peaks and symbols are named as in Fig. 2.