Phylogenetic relationships of the bacteriocyte-associated symbionts of Pineus strobi with the Gammaproteobacteria. A 16S rRNA-based (A) and a 23S rRNA-based (B) Bayesian tree are shown. Symbionts of adelgids are indicated by gray boxes. Nodes with <50% Bayesian posterior probability were collapsed. Bayesian support values and >50% maximum likelihood bootstrap values (1,000 replicates) are indicated on internal nodes. Nodes labeled with asterisks were also supported by a nonhomogenous and nonstationary model implemented in nhPhyML using the Bayesian and maximum likelihood trees as starting tree. Bars represent the number of changes per site. GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers are given in brackets. Selected members of the Alphaproteobacteria were used as the outgroup (NC_002678, NC_011988, NC_002978, NC_006142, and NC_009883), which is indicated by the arrow.