FIG 3.
Induction of type I interferon in SHFV-infected primary NHP cell cultures. Cultured MΦs and mDCs were mock infected or infected with SHFV at an MOI of 1. Total cell RNA was isolated from MΦs (A) or mDCs (B) and used to assay IFN-β mRNA levels by real-time qRT-PCR. Each sample was assayed in triplicate. Values were normalized to the level of 18S rRNA in the same sample. The values represent fold change over the amount of IFN-β mRNA in 24-h mock-infected (M-24) samples expressed as relative quantification units (RUs) and are the average of seven independent experiments. The error bars represent the calculated standard error of mean and are based on an RQmin/max of the 95% confidence level. Culture fluids from MΦ (C) or mDC (D) cultures were analyzed for IFN-α protein by a multiplexed ELISA. The values are average fold change in IFN-α levels in SHFV-infected cell culture fluids compared to those in an autologous, time-matched, mock-infected culture fluid. Values shown are averages from cultures prepared from four baboons (black bars) and four macaques (gray bars). Error bars represent the standard error of mean. *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.005; ns, not significant.