E8 mutant genomes amplify to higher copy numbers and express more L1 transcripts than the wt upon differentiation. (A) (Left panel) Total cellular DNA was isolated from 12-day organotypic cultures, and 50 ng was analyzed by multiplex qPCR as described in the legend for Fig. 2. (Right panel) Quantitation of L1 transcripts by qPCR using PGK1 as a reference gene. Data represent the averages for six independent organotypic cultures, and error bars indicate the standard errors of means. Statistical significance between the wt and mutants was determined by paired, two-sided Student's t test (∗, P < 0.05; ∗∗, P < 0.01). The differences between E8− and E8 KWK mt are not significant. (B) Relative changes in viral genome copies (DNA) and L1 transcript levels (L1) induced by differentiation in HPV16 wt, E8−, or E8 KWK mt genome cell lines.