Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Feb 4.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Immunol. 2013;31:605–633. doi: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032712-100019

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Proposed model of T cell responses in chronic lung disease. In the context of COPD or CF, lung epithelial cells have reduced anion transport (Cl− and HCO3−), leading to reduced airway surface liquid (ASL) volume and reduced antimicrobial activity. This can result in pathogen persistence and constitutive T cell activation and proliferation, leading to parenchymal lung damage.