Table 1.

List of lung diseases from the American Lung Association and their relations to host defense

Name of the lung disease	Definition of disease	Relation to host defense
Acute bronchitis	Inflammation of the bronchial tubes	Usually direct
Asbestosis	Scarring of lung tissue as a result of breathing in asbestos fibers	Pathway involved
Asthma	A lung disease that makes it harder to move air in and out	Pathway involved
Bronchiolitis	An inflammation of the bronchioles	Pathway involved
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia	A lung disease that occurs most often in premature babies	Indirect
Byssinosis	A lung disease caused by exposure to dusts from cotton processing, hemp, and flax	Pathway involved
Chronic bronchitis	Chronic inflammation of the airways or bronchial tubes	Pathway involved
Coccidioidomycosis	An infection of the lungs caused by inhaling spores of the fungus Coccidioides immitis	Direct
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Also known as emphysema and chronic bronchitis	Pathway involved
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia	A disease in which the bronchioles and alveoli become inflamed with connective tissue	Pathway involved
Cystic fibrosis	An inherited disease that causes thick, sticky mucus in the lungs, pancreas, and other organs	Pathway involved
Emphysema	A lung disease that makes it hard to breathe	Pathway involved
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome	A disease that comes from contact with infected rodents or their urine, droppings, or saliva	Direct
Histoplasmosis	An infection in the lungs caused by inhaling the spores of the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum	Direct
Human metapneumovirus	Infections that cause colds, pneumonia or bronchitis	Direct
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis	A disease in which lungs become inflamed when a patient breathes in certain fungal dusts	Pathway involved
Influenza	A serious respiratory illness caused by infection with three influenza virus families: A, B, or C	Direct
Lung cancer	The second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the most common cause of cancer death	Pathway involved
Lymphangiomatosis	A disease of the lymphatic system	Indirect
Mesothelioma	An uncommon form of cancer that involves the mesothelium	None
Nontuberculous mycobacterium	An infection caused by mycobacteria that are found in water and soil and only infect some people	Direct
Pertussis	A respiratory infection caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis	Direct
Pneumoconiosis	An occupational lung disease caused by inhaling coal dust	Indirect
Pneumonia	A common lung infection caused by bacteria, a virus, or fungi	Direct
Primary ciliary dyskinesia	Blockage and infections caused when mucus accumulates due to cilia dysfunction	Direct
Pulmonary fibrosis	A disease marked by scarring in the lungs	Direct
Pulmonary vascular disease	A disease that affects the blood circulation in the lungs	None
Respiratory syncytial virus	The most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children younger than age one in the United States	Direct
Sarcoidosis	A disease caused by small areas of inflammation	Direct
Severe acute respiratory syndrome	A disease caused by a group of viruses called the coronaviruses	Direct
Silicosis	A disease caused by inhaling tiny bits of silica	Direct
Tuberculosis	A common infectious disease caused by various mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Direct