Figure 3.

Cytoplasmic delocalization with high expression of beta-catenin (a)–(d) and cytoplasmic delocalization of beta-catenin with immunostaining absence of marker (e)-(f). Cytoplasmic delocalization with high expression of beta-catenin has been prevalently observed in OSCCs/OPSCCS of the tongue, trigonous, gingival mucosa, jaw, and in the tumors sited on the floor of the mouth, on the alveolar ridge, and, finally, in the multifocal neoplasias (P = 0.00) (a). This immunohistochemical pattern was also observed in undifferentiated carcinomas (P = 0.00) (b), with clinical history of lymph nodal metastases (N+) (P = 0.039) (c), and with worse prognosis (P = 0.004) (d). Cytoplasmic delocalization with loss of beta-catenin was, generally, reported in oropharyngeal carcinomas and cheek cancer (P = 0.01) (e), in Italian patients (P = 0.00) (f).