Table 2.

Biomarkers predictive of toxicity identified in the review of European Medicines Agency licensing

Biomarker	Indication	Drug
DPD deficiency	Colorectal neoplasms Colonic neoplasms Stomach neoplasms Breast neoplasms	Capecitabine (Xeloda and generic drugs: capecitabine accord; capecitabine krka; capecitabine medac and Capecitabine teva)
DPD deficiency	Stomach neoplasms	Tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil (Teysuno)
HLA-B*5701 allele	HIV infections	Abacavir (Kivexa; Trizivir and Ziagen)*
NADPH reductase deficiency	Methemoglobinaemia	Methylthioninium chloride (Methylthioninium chloride Proveblue)

*HLA-B*5701 allele is predictive of hypersensitivity to abacavir, which is present in three drugs: Kivexa (abacavir/lamivudine); Trizivir (abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine) and Ziagen (abacavir).