Angiographic abnormality |
Angiography (conventional, CT, and MRI) of the aorta, its main branches or pulmonary arteries showing aneurysm/dilatation, narrowing, occlusion, or thickened arterial wall, not due to any other causes |
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Additional criteria (need one of the five) |
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(1) Pulse deficit or claudication |
Lost/decreased/unequal peripheral artery pulse |
Symptoms of claudication: focal muscle pain induced by physical activity |
(2) Blood pressure discrepancy |
Discrepancy of four-limb systolic blood pressure >10 mmhg in any limb |
(3) Bruits |
Audible murmurs or palpable thrills over large arteries |
(4) Hypertension |
Systolic/diastolic blood pressure >95th centile for height |
(5) Acute phase reactant |
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) >20 mm per hour or C reactive protein (CRP) above normal |