Table 1.
Skeletal/Soft tissue group | ||
Low energy | Stab wounds, simple closed fractures, small caliber gunshot wounds | 1 |
Medium energy | Open or multiple level fracture, dislocations, moderate crush injuries | 2 |
High energy | Shotgun blast (close range), high velocity gunshot wounds | 3 |
Massive crush | Logging, rail road, oil rig accidents | 4 |
| ||
Shock group | ||
Normotensive hemodynamics | Blood pressure stable in field and operating room | 0 |
Transiently hypotensive | Blood pressure unstable in field but responsive to intravenous fluids | 1 |
Prolonged hypotensive | Systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg in field and responsive to intravenous fluids only in operating room | 2 |
| ||
Ischemia group | ||
None | Pulsatile limb without signs of ischemia | 0 |
Mild | Diminished pulses without signs of ischemia | 1 |
Moderate | No pulse by doppler, sluggish capillary refill, paresthesia, diminished motor activity | 2 |
Advanced | Pulseless, cool, paralysed and numb without capillary refill | 3 |
| ||
Age group | ||
<30 years | 0 | |
30–50 years | 1 | |
>50 years | 2 |
If ischemia time more than six hours, add 2 points.