Table 1.
Phenotypical severity, biometrics, bone densitometry estimates, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D serum levels were comparable between the ω-3 PUFAs-supplemented and the untreated Rett patients subgroups.
| Variables | Rett syndrome population | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ω-3 PUFAs supplemented (n = 33) | Untreated (n = 33) | ||
| Age (years) | 13.0 ± 8.6 | 12.4 ± 9.3 | 0.7864 |
| Clinical severity score (CSS) | 26.2 ± 11.2 | 26.0 ± 11.1 | 0.9421 |
| Height (RTT z-score for age)1 | 0.078 ± 0.924 | −0.025 ± 1.47 | 0.7344 |
| Body weight (RTT z-score for age)1 | −0.027 ± 1.026 | −0.02 ± 1.2 | 0.9798 |
| Body mass index (RTT z-score for age)1 | −0.30 ± 1.55 | −0.40 ± 1.6 | 0.7973 |
| Head circumference (RTT z-score for age)1 | −0.07 ± 1.23 | 0.01 ± 0.99 | 0.7719 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 91 ± 17 | 93 ± 15 | 0.6141 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 107.8 ± 8.2 | 107.1 ± 9.3 | 0.7468 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70.2 ± 11.6 | 69.9 ± 8.9 | 0.9065 |
| Bone densitometry | |||
| AD-SoS (z-score for age) | −2.86 ± 1.75 | −2.74 ± 1.81 | 0.7951 |
| BTT (z-score for age) | −1.87 ± 1.93 | −1.9 ± 1.85 | 0.9488 |
| Serum 25-OH vitamin D (ng/mL) | 45.1 ± 26.1 | 46.5 ± 25.8 | 0.8307 |
1 z-scores are referred to validated Rett syndrome-specific growth charts [27].
AD-SoS: amplitude-dependent speed of sound; BTT: bone transmission time.
AD-SoS and BTT were evaluated by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the distal end of the first phalanx diaphysis of the last four fingers of the hand.