Table 1.
Mean and (standard deviations) for participant characteristics and group comparisons
| British | Asian | t | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 23.00 (6.27) | 23.02 (4.18) | .20 | .98 |
| Time in UK (years) | 20.56 (6.71) | 1.39 (2.00) | 16.08 | < .001 |
| Self-rated English ability | 9.06 (1.15) | 5.78 (1.90) | 9.18 | < .001 |
| Task difficulty | 4.35 (2.19) | 5.12 (1.85) | 1.65 | .10 |
| IES-R | 16.65 (17.33) | 30.44 (15.50) | .36 | .001 |
| HSCL | 1.90 (.58) | 1.60 (.47) | 2.47 | .02 |
| Years since trauma | 7.88 (6.91) | 6.49 (6.57) | .86 | .39 |
| Years since pleasant event | 3.45 (3.99) | 3.63 (4.73) | .16 | .88 |
| Trauma type (n) | Death/illness = 12; Accident = 3; Assault = 7; Life stressor = 12 | Death/illness = 9; Accident = 9; Assault = 5; Life stressor = 18 | - | - |
| Positive type (n) | Achievement = 20; Relationship = 12 | Achievement = 28; Relationship = 7 | - | - |
Note: IES-R = Impact of Event Scale-Revised. HSCL = Hopkins Symptom Checklist. Life Stressor included academic stress, relationship stress or stress associated with moving.