TABLE 1.

Frequency of Outcomes of Interest from 6 to 36 Weeks of Age in CPT-Exposed and Unexposed Infants in Lilongwe, Malawi, During 2004–2009.

Outcome	CPT-unexposed infants* (n = 283)	CPT-exposed infants* (n = 1,239)	Total (N = 1,522)	P-value
Malaria (any severity)	70 (24.7%)	241 (19.5%)	311 (20.4%)	0.03
Anemia	49 (17.3%)	166 (13.4%)	215 (14.1%)	0.08
Severe illness or death	34 (12.0%)	135 (10.9%)	169 (11.1%)	0.59
Diarrhea	11 (3.9%)	35 (2.8%)	46 (3.0%)
Malaria(severe)	10 (3.5%)	14 (1.1%)	24 (1.6%)
Meningitis	1 (0.4%)	9 (0.7%)	10 (0.7%)
Pneumonia	5 (1.8%)	51 (4.1%)	56 (3.7%)
Febrile illness	6 (2.1%)	22 (1.8%)	28 (1.8%)
Vomiting	0 (0.0%)	2 (0.2%)	2 (0.1%)
Death	1 (0.4%)	2 (0.2%)	3 (0.2%)
Low weight for age (Z score < -2)	46 (16.3%)	192 (15.6%)	238 (15.6%)	0.75

^*Infants were considered CPT-unexposed if > 36 weeks of age by June 13, 2006; infants were considered CPT-exposed if they reached 6 weeks of age on or after August 15, 2006.

^† P-value based on chi-square test comparing CPT-exposed and CPT-unexposed groups. CPT = cotrimoxazole preventive therapy