Fig. 2.
The ω-3 PUFAs including EPA and DHA are highly efficient alternative substrates of the CYP/sEH pathway. The metabolism of EPA and DHA by CYP epoxygenases generates ω-3-series epoxygenated fatty acids (EpFAs), including 5 regioisomers of EEQs from EPA and 6 EDP isomers from DHA. Compared with ARA, EPA and DHA showed higher or similar activities toward the metabolism by CYP epoxygenases. Compared with EETs, EEQs and EDPs are also better substrates of sEH to be metabolized to the corresponding fatty acid diols (DiHETE and DiHDPA respectively) with the exception of 19,20-EDP.