Table 2. The characteristics of the study population1.
Characteristic | Malaria+ HIV+2 | Malaria+ HIV- | Malaria-HIV+ | p3,4 | p5 |
n | 70 | 61 | 58 | ||
Case-fatality rate % (proportion) | 13.0 (9/69) | 1.7 (1/59) | 29.1 (16/55) | 0.017 | 0.030 |
Age in years, median (range) | 40 (20–65) | 40 (18–79) | 38 (20–84) | 0.487 | 0.233 |
Females, % (proportion) | 50 (35/70) | 39 (24/61) | 50 (29/58) | 0.223 | 1.0 |
Duration of symptoms in days, median (range) | 8.6 (1–180) | 4.2 (1–28) | 7 (1–365) | 0.191 | 0.001 |
Severe HIV6, % (proportion) | 59 (41/70) | n.a. | 83 (48/58) | n.a. | 0.003 |
HIV viral load in copies/mL (median) | 1.8×104 | n.a. | 1.3×104 | n.a. | 0.184 |
Median CD4 lymphocyte count in cells/µL7 | 206 | n.a. | 136 | n.a. | 0.215 |
Effective ART8 prior to admission % (proportion) | 14 (9/64) | n.a. | 19 (10/53) | n.a. | 0.485 |
Boldface type indicates statistical significance.
98.5% of the study population were ethnic Mozambicans.
One patient with a positive malaria PCR test died of other causes than malaria, so his death is categorised as malaria negative.
The p-values are from Mann-Whitney tests (continuous data) or Chi-squared tests (dichotomous data).
Comparison of malaria patients with and without HIV co-infection (columns 1 and 2).
Comparison of HIV patients with and without malaria (columns 1 and 3).
Severe HIV = HIV WHO stage 3 or 4.
Please note the small numbers: n = 11 and n = 8.
ART = antiretroviral therapy = HIV treatment. “Effective” is defined as “Previous known ART and undetectable HIV-RNA in the plasma”. In relation to all HIV-patients with and without malaria.