Table 3.
Associations of baseline prehypertension and hypertension among Hispanic women
| Prehypertension | Hypertension | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristic | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value |
| Education | ||||
| Less than high school | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| High school diploma or GED, vocational or training school | 0.8 (0.7–1.1) | 0.17 | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.01 |
| Some college or associate degree | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.26 | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | <0.01 |
| College graduate and above | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.01 | 0.6 (0.5–0.8) | <0.001 |
| P trend | 0.02 | <0.001 | ||
| Age at WHI enrollment, y | ||||
| 50–64 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| 65–79 | 1.8 (1.5–2.2) | <0.001 | 2.8 (2.3–3.4) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, baseline | ||||
| <25 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| 25 to <30 | 1.6 (1.3–1.9) | <0.001 | 1.8 (1.4–2.2) | <0.001 |
| ≥30 | 2.4 (2.0–3.0) | <0.001 | 3.8 (3.0–4.7) | <0.001 |
| P trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Family history of diabetes, stroke, MI, no. of conditions, 0–3 | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.01 | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 0.01 |
| History of high cholesterol requiring pills | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 0.44 | 1.6 (1.2–2.0) | <0.001 |
| Treated diabetes, pills or shots | 1.3 (0.9–1.9) | 0.20 | 2.0 (1.4–3.0) | <0.001 |
| History of cardiovascular disease | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 0.92 | 2.0 (1.6–2.6) | <0.001 |
| No health insurance coverage | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 0.15 | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.22 |
| Current smoker | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.04 | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 0.01 |
| Total energy expenditure/week, MET-hours | ||||
| <3.0 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| 3.0 to <11.75 | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.40 | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 0.40 |
| ≥11.75 | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 0.73 | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | 0.13 |
| P trend | 0.73 | 0.16 | ||
| Alcohol intake | ||||
| Nondrinker | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Past drinker | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.11 | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | <0.01 |
| <7 drinks per week | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.19 | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.01 |
| ≥7 drinks per week | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | 0.70 | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.66 |
| Likelihood ratio | 505.1 (DF = 34), P <0.0001 | |||
| Max-rescaled R 2 | 0.1384 | |||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; GED, General Education Development; MET, metabolic equivalent; MI, myocardial infarction; OR, odds ratio; WHI, Women’s Health Initiative.