Figure 2.

GRP78 level affects cell proliferation in response to ICI. (a) The proliferation of ICI-sensitive LCC1 cells (left) decreases with increasing dose of ICI, whereas GRP78-overexpressing LCC1 cells (right) are insensitive to ICI treatment. Experiments (with error bars) and model simulations (without error bars) show good agreement. (b) Proliferation of ICI-resistant LCC9 cells is not sensitive to ICI, but knockdown of GRP78 in these cells restores their sensitivity to ICI. Knockdown of autophagy, via BECN1 knockdown, has little effect on ICI sensitivity, but joint knockdown of BECN1 and GRP78 has a synergistic effect. Experimental results in (a) and (b) adapted from Cook et al. [4].