Table 2.
Characteristics of mothers and newborns, by fetal presentation of the second twin
| Non-vertex n/N, (%) N = 369 | Vertex n/N, (%) 1,055 | Adjusted chi square P value a | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age (years) |
|
|
|
| <20 |
23/369 (6.2) |
65/1053 (6.2) |
0.247 |
| 20-35 |
305/369 (82.7) |
901/1053 (85.6) |
|
| >35 |
41/369 (11.1) |
87/1053 (8.3) |
|
|
Marital status |
|
|
|
| Married |
337/367 (91.8) |
967/1053 (91.8) |
0.997 |
| Not married |
30/367 (8.2) |
86/1053 (8.2) |
|
|
Maternal education (years) |
|
|
|
| Nil |
63/348 (18.1) |
139/999 (13.9) |
0.244 |
| 1 – 4 |
17/348 (4.9) |
64/999 (6.4) |
|
| 5 – 9 |
140/348 (40.2) |
430/999 (43.0) |
|
| > = 10 |
128/348 (36.8) |
366/999 (36.6) |
|
|
Parity |
|
|
|
| Nil |
103/368 (28.0) |
270/1052 (25.7) |
0.559 |
| 1 or 2 |
164/368 (44.6) |
498/1052 (47.3) |
|
| > = 3 |
101/368 (27.4) |
284/1052 (27.0) |
|
|
Caesarean delivery at last pregnancy |
|
|
|
| Yes |
7/329 (2.1) |
14/941 (1.5) |
0.434 |
| No |
322/329 (97.7) |
927/941 (98.5) |
|
|
Antenatal care |
|
|
|
| Nil |
25/344 (7.3) |
76/983 (7.7) |
0.850 |
| 1 to 3 |
107/344 (31.1) |
319/983 (32.5) |
|
| > = 4 |
212/344 (61.6) |
588/983 (59.8) |
|
|
Labour |
|
|
|
| Spontaneous |
341/369 (92.4) |
961/1055 (91.1) |
0.691 |
| Induced |
25/369 (6.8) |
87/1055 (8.2) |
|
| No labour |
3/369 (0.8) |
7/1055 (0.7) |
|
|
Mode of delivery |
|
|
|
| Vaginal delivery |
346/369 (93.8) |
1045/1055 (99.1) |
<0.001 |
| Caesarean section |
23/369 (6.2) |
10/1055 (0.9) |
|
|
Birth attendance at delivery |
|
|
|
| Doctor |
163/369 (44.2) |
427/1055 (40.5) |
0.054 |
| Midwife/Nurse |
198/369 (53.7) |
568/1055 (53.8) |
|
| Other |
8/369 (2.2) |
60/1055 (5.7) |
|
|
Infant sex |
|
|
|
| Male |
190/369 (51.5) |
530/1055 (50.2) |
0.704 |
| Female |
179/369 (48.5) |
525 (49.8) |
|
|
Sex discordance |
|
|
|
| Twins are same gender |
234/369 (63.4) |
779/1055 (73.8) |
<0.001 |
| Twins are different gender |
135/369 (36.6) |
276/1055 (26.2) |
|
|
Congenital malformation |
|
|
|
| Yes |
3/369 (0.8) |
6/1055 (0.6) |
0.628 |
| No |
366/369 (99.2) |
1049/1055 (99.4) |
|
|
Gestational age at delivery |
|
|
|
| <37 weeks |
117/369 (31.7) |
288/1055 (27.3) |
0.110 |
| > = 37 weeks |
252/369 (68.3) |
767/1055 (72.7) |
|
|
Birthweight at delivery |
|
|
|
| <2500 g |
222/367 (60.5) |
570/1054 (54.1) |
0.067 |
| > = 2500 g |
145/367 (39.5) |
484/1054 (45.9) |
|
|
Birthweight discordance |
|
|
|
| Birthweight discordance <15% |
243/369 (65.9) |
753/1055 (71.4) |
0.123 |
| Larger twin of a >15% birthweight discordant pair |
51/369 (13.8) |
132/1055 (12.5) |
|
| Smaller twin of a >15% birthweight discordant pair | 75/369 (20.3) | 170/1055 (16.1) | |
aChi-square p values are adjusted for survey design; <0.05 considered significant.