. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Feb 6.

Published in final edited form as: J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2013 Nov;24(4):1756–1768. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2013.0177

Table 2.

UNADJUSTED VS. ADJUSTED ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN HEALTH LITERACY, PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS, AND SELECT DIABETES SELF-CARE ACTIVITIES

	Median (IQR) or n (%)		unadjusted p-value	Beta 95%CI:	adjusted p-value
	Limited HL	Adequate HL	unadjusted p-value	Beta 95%CI:	adjusted p-value
Psychosocial factors
Self-efficacy (PDSMS), n=141	23 (19–27)	20 (18–23)	.002^a ^*	−0.83 (−2.4, .76)	.31^c
Acculturation (SASH), n=137	1.25 (1.0–1.5)	1.3 (1.2–1.9)	.10^a	0.03 (−0.1, 0.2)	.65^c
Physician Trust (TPS), n=134	46 (40–51)	41 (37–47)	.003^a ^*	−1.8 (−3.6, 0.02)	.05^c ^*
Self-care activities
General Diet, n=139	4 (2–6)	3 (1–4)	.03^a ^*	−0.1 (−0.7, 0.43)	.64^c
Specific Diet, n=139	4 (3–5)	4 (2–4)	.20^a	−0.04 (−0.4, 0.4)	.84^c
Blood Glucose Testing, n=139	3 (0–6)	1 (0–5)	.40^a	0.03 (−0.7, 0.7)	.94^c
Exercise, n=139	2 (0.5–3.5)	1.8 (0.5–3.5)	.90^a	0.35 (−0.2, 0.9)	.21^c
Foot care, n=138	4.75 (3.5–7.0)	3.5 (1.0–7.0)	.02^a ^*	−0.3 (−0.9, 0.4)	.42^c
				OR (95% CI)
Medication non-adherence, n=139	14 (24)	35 (40)	.04^b ^*	1.63^e (0.9, 3.0)	.11^e

p<0.05

Wilcoxon rank-sum test to compare continuous variables between groups.

Pearson’s chi-square test to compare proportions of perfect vs. non-perfect adherence

Multivariable linear

Logistic regression adjusted for age, gender, income, and insurance status.

Odds ratio for an interquartile difference of health literacy score.

PDSMS = Perceived Diabetes Self-Management Scale; SASH = Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics; TPS = trust in physician scale; IQR = interquartile range; HL = health literacy; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.