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. 2014 Feb 6;9(2):e87737. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087737

Table 1. Distribution and abundance of selected cystonect, physonect, and prayomorph species.

Species Habitat Vertical range Depth (m) Latitudinal range Abundance Geographic range
Physalia physalis pleustonic surface 0 51°N-38°S common cosmopolitan
Apolemia uvaria deep sea epipelagic 0–100 60°N-38°N rare North Atlantic
Bargmannia lata deep sea deepermesopelagic 680–2500 48°N-33°S rare more atlower latitudes
Pyrostephos vanhoeffeni deep sea epi- andmesopelagic 75–1000+ 41°S -71°S common to rare southern higherlatitudes
Dromalia alexandri epibenthic attached tosubstrate 300–600 36°N, 122°Wto 26°N, 113°W locally common off California only
Rhodalia miranda epibenthic attached tosubstrate 455–1098 37°S, 54°Wto 53°S, 59°W locally uncommon SW Atlantic only
Marrus orthocanna deep sea meso– andbathypelagic 50–3000 85°N-35°N common Arctic and sub-arctic
Marrus antarcticus deep sea meso- andbathypelagic 300–2100 43°S–67°S uncommon Antarctic and sub-antarctic
Forskalia contorta deep sea epipelagic 30–181 43°N-39°S rare cosmopolitan
Resomia convoluta deep sea meso- andbathypelagic 400–2800 60°S–68°S very rare Antarctic only
Agalma elegans deep sea epi- andmesopelagic 0–400 60°N-38°S uncommon cosmopolitan
Nanomia bijuga neritic todeep sea epi- andmesopelagic 0–800 55°N-59°S very common cosmopolitan
Nanomia cara deep sea epi- andmesopelagic 0–280 64°N-40°N locally common N Atlanticand Arctic only
Physophora hydrostatica deep sea epi- andmesopelagic 0–500 73°N-64°S rare cosmopolitan
Amphicaryon acaule deep sea epi- andmesopelagic 0–375 60°N-38°S uncommon cosmopolitan
Praya dubia deep sea epi- andmesopelagic 73–1000 59°N-40°S rare all seas exceptMediterranean
Rosacea plicata deep sea mainlymesopelagic 200–1610 62°N-59°S uncommon cosmopolitan
Nectadamas diomedeae deep sea meso- andbathypelagic 260–2500 81°N-59°S rare cosmopolitan
Nectopyramis thetis deep sea mainlymesopelagic 200–1500 63°N-34°S rare cosmopolitan
Hippopodius hippopus deep sea epipelagic 0–300 50°N-38°S common cosmopolitan
Vogtia serrata deep sea mesopelagic 200–1000+ 62°N-71°S uncommon cosmopolitan

Key: epipelagic, 0- ca. 300 m; mesopelagic, 300–1000 m; bathypelagic, 1000 m and below. Abundance scale: very common, common, uncommon, rare, very rare. Cosmopolitan refers to species present in all three great oceans and the Mediterranean. For primary literature used to construct this table, see [1].