Fig. 5. Autophagy induction in pancreatic cancer cells after RF treatment was extended when combined with GCB.
(A) Panc-1 or (B) MiaPaCa-2 cells were treated with 0.2 or 0.005 μM of GCB, respectively, for 24 h and then exposed to the RF field (900W, 13.56 MHz) for 4 min. Cells were fixed 24, 46, 72, or 96 h after RF treatment and stained with antibodies against LC3B or cleaved caspase 3 (both red), phalloidin (green), and DAPI (blue). Untreated cells and cells treated with RF or GCB alone were used as controls.