Table 1.
Fasting blood glucose, biochemical parameters, body and organ weight in all experimental groups. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. AA represents asiatic acid. * p < 0.05 vs. control group, # p < 0.05 vs. MS group, † p < 0.05 vs. MS + AA 10 mg/kg group (n = 8–10/group).
| Parameters | Control | Control + AA 20 mg/kg |
MS | MS + AA 10 mg/kg |
MS + AA 20 mg/kg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 81.13 ± 1.3 | 82.88 ± 2.1 | 116.71 ± 2.8 * | 93.50 ± 2.1 # | 89.25 ± 1.5 # |
| Fasting serum insulin (ng/mL) | 0.45 ± 0.06 | 0.47 ± 0.06 | 4.34 ± 0.43 * | 2.19 ± 0.13 *,# | 1.38 ± 0.24 *,#,† |
| AUC (mg/dL/120 min) | 13,065 ± 425 | 13,018 ± 410 | 16,125 ± 202 * | 14,393 ± 173 # | 14,073 ± 180 # |
| HOMA-IR score | 2.27 ± 0.32 | 2.90 ± 0.4 | 28.90 ± 3.60 * | 12.54 ± 0.78 *,# | 6.72 ± 1.22 *,#,† |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 54.00 ± 2.29 | 55.38 ± 2.31 | 89.00 ± 2.31 * | 67.38 ± 2.20 *,# | 61.43 ± 3.26 # |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 24.50 ± 3.08 | 25.75 ± 2.40 | 70.71 ± 2.71 * | 41.71 ± 2.10 *,# | 29.57 ± 2.27 *,#,† |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 41.38 ± 1.29 | 41.29 ± 1.27 | 14.86 ± 1.52 * | 26.50 ± 0.63 *,# | 34.13 ± 0.55 *,#,† |
| ALP (U/L) | 73.1 ± 4.5 | 74.5 ± 3.6 | 150.7 ± 1.1 * | 119.0 ± 4.2 *,# | 82.2 ± 3.9 #,† |
| ALT (U/L) | 21.0 ± 0.9 | 19.2 ± 1.6 | 34.7 ± 2.6 * | 25.0 ± 1.2 *,# | 21.5 ± 0.8 # |
| Body weight (g) | 426.57 ± 5.0 | 416.75 ± 5.8 | 423.71 ± 6.5 | 408.43 ± 6.9 | 404.86 ± 10.6 |
| Liver wet weight/body weight (mg/g) | 30.3 ± 1.1 | 30.7 ± 0.6 | 43.3 ± 1.2 * | 33.6 ± 0.4 *,# | 32.2 ± 0.3 #,† |
| Heart wet weight/body weight (mg/g) | 3.37 ± 0.05 | 3.33 ± 0.03 | 3.52 ± 0.07 | 3.39 ± 0.07 | 3.33 ± 0.1 |
| LV wet weight/body weight (mg/g) | 2.21 ± 0.02 | 2.24 ± 0.04 | 2.34 ± 0.04 | 2.22 ± 0.03 | 2.21 ± 0.04 |