Table I.
Characteristics of the participants.
| Variables | NGT | IGT | GDM | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 28.7±2.2 | 30.1±2.7 | 32.5±4.5 | 0.002 |
| Height (m) | 1.60±0.03 | 1.62±0.04 | 1.61±0.04 | 0.482 |
| Pre-pregnancy weight (kg) | 55.71±7.24 | 56.29±10.63 | 56.00±7.64 | 0.973 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | 21.5±2.75 | 22.6±3.71 | 22.0±3.58 | 0.986 |
| Pre-delivery weight (kg) | 69.6±7.0 | 69.5±11.4 | 68.8±9.9 | 0.969 |
| Pre-delivery BMI | 27.1±2.6 | 26.5±3.9 | 26.5±4.4 | 0.835 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.73±0.87 | 2.09±1.55 | 2.27±0.89 | 0.334 |
| HOMA-βCFI | 191.55±108.09 | 174.94±93.66 | 147.65±71.68 | 0.447 |
Values are presented as means ± standard deviation; P<0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. NGT, normal glucose tolerance; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-βCFI, homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function index.