Figure 2.

Summary diagrams showing possible regulatory pathways controlling voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) expression/activity in cells by (a) hormones and (b) growth factors. Some pathways mediate transcriptional activity; some actions are through the respective receptors, whereas some actions are directly on the channel. Some of the regulatory pathways have only been described in normal cells. Abbreviations are defined in text. VGSC↓ and VGSC↑ denote decreased and increased VGSC expression/activity, respectively. (Online version in colour.)