Sp1/Sp3 ratio controls TβRII expression under IL-βtreatment. A: In the constitutive state, Sp1 ensures the basal transcription of TβRII. B: Under IL-1β exposure, NFκB accumulates by both activation (1) (after lκB phosphorylation) and transcription/translation (2) of p65 and then up-regulates Sp3 (3), which in turn competes with Sp1 (4) to down-regulate TβRII. (Alternatively, NFκB might interfere in this mechanism, since it is able to interact with Sp1 and Sp3).