Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics (mean ± standard deviation, or percentage) of study participants (N = 1439) stratified by sex.
| Women (N = 897) | Men (N = 542) | Whole sample | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 47 ± 12 | 49 ± 11 | 48 ± 12 |
| Adiponectin (μg/mL) | 5.3 ± 3.7 | 3.8 ± 2.7* | 4.7 ± 3.4 |
| PEA | 17.0 ± 8.9 | 17.8 ± 8.1 | 17.3 ± 8.1 |
| BMI (kg/m2; n = 1437**) | 33.0 ± 7.4 | 29.5 ± 5.7* | 31.7 ± 7.0 |
| WC (cm; n = 1438) | 99.3 ± 16.5 | 99.0 ± 14.2* | 99.2 ± 15.7 |
| TG (mg/dL; n = 1343) | 97.0 ± 70.0 | 113.5 ± 118.5* | 103.3 ± 91.7 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL; 1344) | 53.6 ± 13.8 | 45.5 ± 11.5* | 50.5 ± 13.6 |
| FG (mg/dL; n = 1344) | 95.3 ± 27.5 | 96.7 ± 30.1* | 95.8 ± 28.5 |
| HOMA-IR (n = 1190) | 3.7 ± 2.5 | 3.2 ± 2.0* | 3.5 ± 2.3 |
| Type 2 diabetes (%; n = 212) | 16.3 | 12.1* | 14.7 |
| SBP (mm Hg; n = 1437) | 121.5 ± 17.4 | 123.0 ± 16.2 | 122.1 ± 17.0 |
| DBP (mm Hg; n = 1437) | 77.7 ± 10.0 | 81.1 ± 10.5 | 79.0 ± 10.3 |
| PA | 8.8 ± 2.4 | 9.2 ± 2.4 | 8.9 ± 2.4 |
| Alc. Drink. (% yes) | 50 | 66 | 56 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 6.1 ± 7.9 | 3.0 ± 5.5* | 4.9 ± 7.2 |
| Education (% > High School) | 38 | 36 | 37 |
PEA indicates proportion of European ancestry; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FG, fasting plasma glucose; HOMA-IR, insulin resistance by homeostasis assessment model HOMA-IR; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PA, total physical activity score; Alc. Drink., Alcohol drinking in the past year; CRP, C-reactive protein.
*
Statistical significant difference (t-test) by sex.
**
Characteristics/parameters with less than the maximum number of 1439 participants are indicated in brackets (as the n number).