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The evolution of a T. majus veil in a sulfide–oxygen gradient shows the spontaneous formation of persistent and interacting dimples. (A–F) The veil moves upward as a deformed 2D sheet that curves upward near tube walls (white lines). (F) Opaque plume is clearly visible. Vertical arrows show the position of a new dimple. Horizontal arrows show the direction of lateral motion, if any. (Scale bar, 1 mm.) Images are separated by 15 min. Movies S4–S6 and S8–S11 show veil evolution.
