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. 2014 Jan 21;111(5):1760–1765. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1307204111

Table 3.

Characteristics of American billionaire entrepreneurs: Geographic region

Geographic region No. Relative to population
Northeast 109 1.44
 (of which New York) 76 2.85
 (of which Massachusetts) 13 1.45
Midwest 56 0.61
South 104 0.71
 (of which Texas) 36 1.17
West 137 1.48
 (of which California) 99 2.02

Entrepreneurs are assigned to states based on Forbes’ designation. If Forbes did not specify a state, this is based on residence. Relative to population is defined as the share of total entrepreneurs divided by the population share of state/region in 1996–2009.