Table 1.
Analysis of the magnitude of interrelationships among security indicators in previous studies of EST.
| Study | Sample | Security Measurement | Security Indicators | Shared Variance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buehler, Lange, & Franck (2007) | 416 11- to 14-year-old children |
Single informant (children); single method | Emotional reactivity, regulation of exposure to conflict, internal representations (n = 3) | .10 – .42 (M = .22) |
| Cummings, Merrilees, Schermerhorn, Goeke-Morey, Shirlow, & Cairns (2010) | 300 children (M age = 12) | Single informant (mothers); single method | Emotional reactivity, involvement, behavioral dysregulation (n = 3) | .36 – .50 (M = .42) |
| Cummings, George, McCoy, & Davies (2012) | 235 5- to 7-year-old children (M age = 6) |
Multiple informants (parents); single method | Emotional reactivity, involvement, avoidance, behavioral dysregulation (n = 4) | .00 – .31 (M = .08) |
| Cummings, Schermerhorn, Davies, Goeke-Morey, & Cummings (2006), Study 1 | 226 8- to17-year-old children (M age = 11) |
Single informant (parent); single method | Emotional reactivity, involvement, behavioral dysregulation (n = 3) | .08 – .12 (M = .10) |
| Cummings, Schermerhorn, Davies, Goeke-Morey, & Cummings (2006), Study 2 | 232 5- to 7- year-old children (M age = 6) |
Single informant (parent); single method | Emotional reactivity, involvement, behavioral dysregulation (n = 3) | .14 – .26 (M = .18) |
| Davies & Cummings (1998) | 56 6- to 9- year-old children (M age = 8) |
Multiple informants (observer, children); multiple methods | Emotional reactivity, regulation of exposure to conflict, internal representations (n = 3) | .00 – .12 (M = .07) |
| Davies, Cummings, & Winter (2004) | 221 5- to 7- year-old children (M age = 6) |
Multiple informants (child, observer); multiple methods | Behavioral and subjective indices of emotional reactivity and regulation of conflict, negative representations (n = 5) | .00 – .14 (M = .03) |
| Davies, Forman, Rasi, & Stevens (2002) | 924 10- to 15- year-old children (M age = 13) |
Single informant; single method | Emotional reactivity, involvement, avoidance, behavioral dysregulation, internal representations (n = 7) | .00 – .42 (M = .12) |
| Davies, Harold, Goeke-Morey, & Cummings (2002), Study 2 | 285 11- to 13- year-olds (M age = 12) |
Single informant (child); single method | Emotional reactivity, regulation of exposure to conflict, internal representations (n = 3) | .13 – .46 (M = .17) |
| Davies, Harold, Goeke-Morey, & Cummings (2002), Study 3 | 173 10 to 15- year-olds (M age = 13) |
Multiple informants (parents, children); single method | Emotional reactivity, regulation of exposure to conflict, internal representations (n = 3) | .27 – .41 (M = .33) |
| Davies, Manning, & Cicchetti (2013) | 201 2-year-old children |
Single informant (maternal interview); single method | Emotional reactivity, regulation of exposure to conflict (n = 3) | .23 – .48 (M = .38) |
| Davies, Martin, & Cicchetti (2012), Study 1 | 250 6th to 8th graders (M age = 13) |
Single informant (children); single method | Emotional reactivity, involvement, internal representations (n = 3) | .09 – .42 (M = .22) |
| El-Sheikh, Buckhalt, Cummings, & Keller (2006) | 166 3rd grade children (M age = 9) |
Single informant (children); single method | Emotional arousal, behavioral dysregulation, internal representations (n = 3) | .16 – .34 (M = 22) |
| Harold, Shelton, Goeke-Morey, & Cummings (2004) | 181 11- to 12-year-old children |
Single informant (children); single method | Emotional reactivity, regulation of conflict exposure, internal representations (n = 7) | .03 – .52 (M = .19) |
| Shelton & Harold (2008) | 242 11- to 12-year-old children |
Single informant (children); single method | Involvement, mediation, avoidance, masking affect (n =4) | .00 – .30 (M = .08) |