Figure 6. (A) The specificity of the developed ECAS-CIA toward PSA (5 ng mL⁻¹), AFP (50 ng mL⁻¹), CEA (50 ng mL⁻¹), CA 15-3 (50 U mL⁻¹), CA 19-9 (50 U mL⁻¹), CA 125 (50 U mL⁻¹) and HIgG (50 ng mL⁻¹) (Inset: the corresponding photographs), and (B) comparison of the assay results toward PSA clinical serum specimens by using the developed ECAS-CIA and commercialized human PSA ELISA kit, respectively.

Error bars indicate standard deviations (n = 3).