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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuroimmunol. 2013 Dec 22;267(0):86–91. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.12.010

Figure 1.

Figure 1

IL-1β intrahippocampal injection triggers increases in pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in old rats. A. IL-6 was significantly upregulated at 12 hr post treatment in IL-1β treated old rats compared to all other timepoints as well as compared to old sham injected rats and young IL-1β treated rats. B. IL-1α was significantly upregulated at 12 hr post treatment in IL-1β treated old rats compared to all other timepoints. C. IFNγ was significantly elevated in aged rats at 12 hr post-injection compared to 3 hr post-injection as well as compared to young IL-1β-treated rats at the same timepoint. IFNγ was also significantly elevated at 48 hr post injection in IL-1β treated aged rats. D. IL-12 was significantly elevated in aged rats at 12 hr post-injection compared to 3 hr post-injection and later time points were not significantly different from either baseline or the 12 hr elevation. A-D. n=8/group Data expressed as mean + SEM. § indicates significant difference between IL1-treated and shams within the same age and time group. # indicates significant difference between young and old within the same time and treatment group. † indicates significant difference between time groups within age and treatment group.