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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuroimmunol. 2013 Dec 22;267(0):86–91. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.12.010

Figure 2.

Figure 2

IL-1β intrahippocampal injection triggers increases in anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in old rats. A. IL-4 levels peaked in old IL-1 treated rats at 12 hours compared to 3 and 6 hr timepoints as well as compared to old shams and young IL-1 treated rats. B. IL-10 levels peaked in old IL-1 treated rats at 12 hours compared to IL-1β-treated young rats in the at the same timepoint, as well as compared to IL-1-treated old rats in the 3 and 6 hr time points but were no different than old sham rats. C. CX3CR1 gene expression was increased in both young and old IL-1-treated rats at 48 and 72 hours post-injection. D. Old rats treated with IL-1β had significant upregulation of TGFβ1 gene expression 12 and 48 hr post-injection. A-D. n=8/group Data expressed as mean + SEM. § indicates significant difference between IL1-treated and shams within the same age and time group. # indicates significant difference between young and old within the same time and treatment group. † indicates significant difference between time groups within age and treatment group.