TABLE 3.

MIXED MODELS FOR QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT^*

Neuro-QOL Instrument	Domain	Estimate	95% Confidence Interval	P Value
Applied cognition executive function	Ability to manage tasks involving finances, taking medications, and so forth	5.8	0.15 to 11.5	0.045
Fatigue	Difficulty starting or completing activities	7.4	1.7 to 13	0.01
Fine motor	Fine motor function with the upper extremities	0.9	−3.7 to 5.6	0.7
Mobility	Mobility in a variety of settings	0.8	−4.5 to 6.2	0.7

Definition of abbreviation: QOL = quality of life.

The estimate is how much poorer T scores were for patients who were ever versus never delirious (i.e., patients who were never delirious had applied cognition–executive function scores 5.8 points worse than those ever delirious; SD for all assessments is 10 points, so 5.8 points is 0.58 SD. We analyzed Neuro-QOL data at every point of follow-up. Mixed models were constructed for each instrument individually controlling for National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale on admission, age, any benzodiazepine use, and point of follow-up (28 d, 3 mo, and 12 mo). Results were similar when data were adjusted for proxy report.

^*Delirium was independently associated with worse QOL in the domains of applied cognition–executive function, and fatigue at 1-, 3-, and 12-month follow-up.