Table 5.
Clinical presentation and outcomes of adult Muslim patients with culture-confirmed Vibrio cholerae O1 infection admitted during Ramadan and control periods, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 1996–2012*
| Clinical variable | Muslims ≥ 18 years of age, Ramadan (no. = 445) no. (%) | Muslims ≥ 18 years of age control period (n = 408) no. (%) | P | Muslims ≤ 12 years of age, Ramadan (n = 331) no. (%) | Muslims ≤ 12 years of age, control period (n = 342) no. (%) | P | Non-Muslims ≥ 18 years of age, Ramadan (n = 17) no. (%) | Non-Muslims ≥ 18 years of age, control period (n = 14) no. (%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 30 (18) | 27.5 (16) | 0.04 | 4 (6) | 3 (5) | NS | 35 (23) | 27 (21) | NS |
| Female sex, no. | 217 (49) | 181 (44) | NS | 147 (44) | 157 (46) | NS | 5 (29) | 3 (21) | NS |
| History | |||||||||
| Abdominal pain, no. (%) | 231 (52) | 202 (50) | NS | 110 (33) | 122 (36) | NS | 11 (65) | 9 (64) | NS |
| Vomiting > 10 times in 24 h, no. (%) | 77 (17) | 75 (18) | NS | 48 (15) | 56 (16) | NS | 0 (0) | 2 (14) | NS |
| Severe thirst, no. (%) | 352 (79) | 299 (73) | 0.04 | 150 (45) | 130 (38) | 0.06 | 12 (71) | 9 (64) | NS |
| Duration of diarrhea before arrival, h, mean (SD) | 14 (19) | 13 (16) | NS | 20 (37) | 22 (37) | NS | 12 (11) | 21 (15) | NS |
| Examination | |||||||||
| Drowsy, no. (%) | 330 (74) | 300 (74) | NS | 151 (46) | 127 (37) | 0.03 | 13 (76) | 9 (64) | NS |
| Severe dehydration, no. (%) | 358 (81) | 319 (78) | NS | 157 (47) | 146 (43) | NS | 14 (82) | 10 (59) | NS |
| Outcome | |||||||||
| Duration of hospital stay, h, mean (SD) | 20 (18) | 19 (17) | NS | 20 (30) | 23 (32) | NS | 14 (88) | 11 (79) | NS |
| IV rehydration used, no. (%) | 392 (89) | 357 (88) | NS | 192 (56) | 206 (60) | NS | 10 (31) | 17 (20) | NS |
*
IQR = interquartile range; NS = not significant (P > 0.10); IV = intravenous.