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. 2014 Feb 10;5:17. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00017

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Copyright © 2014 Rojas, Senthil-Kumar, Tzin and Mysore.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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RUBISCO and RUBISCO-mediated processes: photo-respiration and carbon fixation are upregulated upon plant’s exposure to avirulent pathogens and pathogen-derived elicitors (shown in yellow), while under the same conditions photosynthesis is downregulated (shown in blue). GOX activity during photorespiration generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that activate (arrows) downstream defense responses (shown in pink) leading to the HR, while SHMT activity antagonizes GOX, repressing (blunt-ended lines) downstream defense responses. GOX, glycolate oxidase; SHMT, serine hydroxymethyltransferase; AGT, alanine glyoxylate transaminase; ET, ethylene; SA, salicylic acid; HR, hypersensitive response. Processes or genes found to be upregulated in the presence of avirulent pathogens or pathogen-derived elicitors are shown in yellow.