Fig. 4.

Mediators of cardiac glucose uptake. Remote LV (A) and PI (B) cardiac phospho-insulin receptor substrate-1 (p-IRS-1), IRS-1, and p-IRS-1-to-total IRS-1 ratio (p-IRS-1/IRS-1) as determined by immunoblotting are shown. C: representative immunoblotting performed to measure p-IRS-1 and IRS-1. Remote LV (D) and PI (E) cardiac phospho-Akt (p-Akt), Akt, and p-Akt-to-total Akt ratio (p-Akt/Akt), as determined by immunoblotting, are shown. F: representative immunoblotting performed to measure p-Akt and Akt. Remote LV (G) and PI (H) cardiac peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4), and hexokinase II (HKII), as determined by immunoblotting, are shown. I: representative immunoblotting performed to measure PGC-1α, GLUT4, and HKII. Protein levels are normalized to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) content and are relative to the Sham group. Values are means ± SE; n = 5–6 mice/group. *P < 0.05 vs. Sham.