Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the patient cohort
| Patient No. | Age, yr | Sex | Total No. of CDI Episodes Prior to FMT | Duration of R-CDI Prior to FMT, mo | Original Trigger Event | Trigger Antibiotic | History of Hospitalization for Severe or Complicated CDI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 68 | F | 6 | 6 | Sinusitis | Not documented | No |
| 2 | 66 | F | 3 | 3 | Spinal surgery | Cephalosporin | Yes |
| 3 | 29 | F | 7 | 8 | C-section | Cephalosporin | No |
| 4 | 59 | M | 4 | 4 | Bronchitis | Azithromycin Ciprofloxacin | Yes |
| 5 | 56 | F | 5 | 6 | Knee surgery | Cephalosporin | No |
| 6 | 87 | F | 8 | 9 | Duodenal ulcer perforation | Not documented; Multiple antibiotics | Yes |
| 7 | 65 | F | 5 | 7 | Vaginal infection | Clindamycin | No |
| 8 | 52 | F | 8 | 11 | Urinary tract infection | Ciprofloxacin | No |
| 9 | 47 | F | 4 | 4 | Sinusitis | Not documented | Yes |
| 10 | 52 | F | 9 | 7 | Pelvic reconstruction surgery | Clidamycin | No |
| 11 | 72 | M | 6 | 7 | Diarrheal illness of unclear cause | No identified antibiotic trigger | Yes |
| 12 | 83 | F | 3 | 5 | Urinary sepsis | Not documented; Multiple antibiotics | No |
| Patient No. | Metronidazole Courses | 2-Week Vancomycin Courses | Vancomycin Taper/Pulse | Fidaxomicin | Rifaximin Chaser | Intercurrent Antibiotics | Immunosuppression |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | None | None |
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | None | None |
| 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | None | None |
| 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | None | None |
| 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | None | None |
| 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | None | None |
| 7 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | None | None |
| 8 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | None | None |
| 9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | None | None |
| 10 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | None | None |
| 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | None | None |
| 12 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | None | None |
| Patient No. | Probiotics Prior to FMT | Medications Potentially Relevant to Bile Acid Metabolism | Past GI Surgical History | Findings at Colonoscopy | Type of Fecal Microbiota Preparation | Donor | Resolution of CDI With One FMT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Florastor | Simvastatin; omeprazole | None | Normal | Frozen | 1 | Yes |
| 2 | None | Pantoprazole | Partial gastrectomy | Severe diverticulosis | Frozen | 1 | Yes |
| 3 | None | None | None | Normal | Frozen | 1 | Yes |
| 4 | Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Culturelle) | None | None | Moderate diverticulosis | Fresh | 1 | Yes |
| 5 | None | None | None | Terminal ileum ileitis (Crohn's disease) | Frozen | 1 | Yes |
| 6 | Florastor | None | None | Normal | Frozen | 1 | Yes |
| 7 | None | Simvastatin | Appendectomy | Normal | Fresh | 1 | Yes |
| 8 | None | None | None | Normal | Frozen | 1 | Yes |
| 9 | None | None | Cholecystectomy | Lymphocytic colitis | Fresh | 1 | Yes |
| 10 | Acidophilus probiotic blend | None | None | Mild diverticulosis | Frozen | 1 | Yes |
| 11 | None | Atorvastatin | None | Severe diverticulosis | Fresh | 1 | No |
| 12 | None | Simvastatin; glipizide | None | Nondiagnostic Inflammation in lamina propria | Frozen | 2 | Yes |
FMT, fecal microbiota transplantation; C-section, cesarean section; CDI, Clostridium difficile infection; R-CDI, recurrent CDI; severe CDI, albumin <3 and one of the following: ≥15,000 white blood cells/mm3, abdominal tenderness, documentation of colitis on CT scan; complicated CDI, one of the following attributed to CDI: ICD admission, ≥35,000 white blood cells/mm3, albumin <2.5; hypotension, fever >38.5°C, mental status changes, evidence of end organ failure, serum lactate ≥2.2 mmol/l; intercurrent antibiotics, antibiotics used to treat non-CDI after CDI diagnosis.