Skip to main content
. 2010 Mar 5;20(Suppl 2):S419–S426. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20090171

Table 1. Frequencies of child items on Interaction Rating Scale (18M, 30M, 42M, 7Y).

Items Categories 18M 30M 42M 7Y
n % n % n % n %
  Total 231 100.0 344 100.0 207 100.0 82 100.0
 
1. AUTONOMYa
Child initiates interaction with caregiver.		 not evident at all 0 0.0 1 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0
not evident 0 0.0 7 2.0 1 0.5 2 2.4
neutral 20 8.7 24 7.0 14 6.8 2 2.4
evident 80 34.6 118 34.3 108 52.1 29 35.4
evident at high level 131 56.7 194 56.4 84 40.6 49 59.8
 
1. Child vocalizes while looking at the task materials. No 24 10.4 4 1.2 1 0.5 0 0.0
Yes 207 89.6 340 98.8 206 99.5 82 100.0
2. Child smiles or laughs during the episode. No 70 30.3 21 6.1 5 2.4 7 8.5
Yes 161 69.7 323 93.9 202 97.6 75 91.5
3. Child attempts to make eye contact with caregiver. No 40 17.3 56 16.3 9 4.4 19 23.2
Yes 191 82.7 288 83.7 198 95.7 63 76.8
4. Child initiates interaction with caregiver spontaneously. No 6 2.6 2 0.6 0 0.0 0 0.0
Yes 225 97.4 342 99.4 207 100.0 82 100.0
5. Child attempts to elicit caregiver’s response. No 50 21.7 52 15.1 23 11.1 5 6.1
Yes 181 78.4 292 84.9 184 88.9 77 93.9
 
2. RESPONSIVENESSb
Child is responsive to caregiver’s behavioral cues.		 not evident at all 0 0.0 1 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0
not evident 3 1.3 6 1.7 6 2.9 4 4.9
neutral 15 6.5 37 10.8 23 11.1 5 6.1
evident 77 33.3 119 34.6 110 53.1 22 26.8
evident at high level 136 58.9 181 52.6 68 32.9 51 62.2
 
1. Child displays strong reaction during the interaction No 4 1.7 7 2.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Yes 227 98.3 337 98.0 207 100.0 82 100.0
2. Child gazes at caregiver’s face or task materials after caregiver’s non-verbal behaviors. No 4 1.7 6 1.7 3 1.5 1 1.2
Yes 227 98.3 338 98.3 204 98.5 81 98.8
3. Child looks at caregiver’s face or eyes when caregiver attempts eye contact. No 55 23.8 107 31.1 20 9.7 42 51.2
Yes 176 76.2 237 68.9 187 90.3 40 48.8
4. Child vocalizes or babbles within five seconds after caregiver’s verbalization. No 44 19.1 3 0.9 2 1.0 0 0.0
Yes 187 81.0 341 99.1 205 99.0 82 100.0
5. Child vocalizes or babbles within five seconds of caregiver’s gestures, touch, or changes in facial expression. No 65 28.1 15 4.4 6 2.9 2 2.4
Yes 166 71.9 329 95.6 201 97.1 80 97.6
 
3. EMPATHYc
Child behaves in accord with caregiver’s affective expression.		 not evident at all 0 0.0 2 0.6 0 0.0 3 3.7
not evident 3 1.3 25 7.3 15 7.3 2 2.4
neutral 26 11.3 70 20.4 44 21.3 9 11.0
evident 49 21.2 102 29.6 95 45.8 32 39.0
evident at high level 153 66.2 145 42.1 53 25.6 36 43.9
 
1. Child gives, shows, or points to task material to share emotion with caregiver. No 32 13.9 57 16.6 18 8.7 11 13.4
Yes 199 86.2 287 83.4 189 91.3 71 86.6
2. Child looks at caregiver’s face to gather information/gain understanding. No 63 27.3 128 37.2 30 14.5 34 41.5
Yes 168 72.7 216 62.8 177 85.5 48 58.5
3. Child vocalizes or adjusts own behavior within five seconds in response to caregiver’s verbalization.
(more than 50% of the time)		 No 13 5.6 38 11.1 23 11.1 5 6.1
Yes 218 94.4 306 89.0 184 88.9 77 93.9
4. Child smiles at caregiver within five seconds of caregiver’s verbalization. No 105 45.5 50 14.5 5 2.4 17 20.7
Yes 126 54.6 294 85.5 202 97.6 65 79.3
5. Child behaves within five seconds in accord with caregiver’s gestures, touch, or changes in expression. No 52 22.5 72 20.9 59 28.5 4 4.9
Yes 179 77.5 272 79.1 148 71.5 78 95.1
 
4. MOTOR REGULATIONd
Child’s behavior is clearly directed toward the task and
he/she is not overactive/underactive.		 not evident at all 0 0.0 1 0.3 0 0.0 3 3.7
not evident 6 2.6 6 1.7 9 4.4 2 2.4
neutral 25 10.8 22 6.4 34 16.4 5 6.1
evident 65 28.1 100 29.1 103 49.7 11 13.4
evident at high level 135 58.5 215 62.5 61 29.5 61 74.4
 
1. Child widens eyes and/or shows postural attention to task situation. No 1 0.4 3 0.9 0 0.0 0 0.0
Yes 230 99.6 341 99.1 207 100.0 82 100.0
2. Child becomes appropriately active in response to task situation. No 2 0.9 6 1.7 0 0.0 0 0.0
Yes 229 99.1 338 98.3 207 100.0 82 100.0
3. Child’s movements are clearly directed toward/away from the task or task material. No 1 0.4 1 0.3 0 0.0 1 1.2
Yes 230 99.6 343 99.7 207 100.0 81 98.8
4. Child makes clearly recognizable hand motions towards task materials during the episode. (60% or more of the time) No 2 0.9 7 2.0 4 1.9 2 2.4
Yes 229 99.1 337 98.0 203 98.1 80 97.6
5. Child is neither restless nor overactive. No 24 10.4 64 18.6 70 33.8 10 12.2
Yes 207 89.6 280 81.4 137 66.2 72 87.8
 
5. EMOTIONAL REGULATIONe
Child adjusts his/her emotional state to a comfortable level.		 not evident at all 1 0.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 1.2
not evident 12 5.2 16 4.7 12 5.8 2 2.4
neutral 25 10.8 54 15.7 47 22.7 4 4.9
evident 80 34.7 112 32.5 88 42.5 22 26.8
evident at high level 113 48.9 162 47.1 60 29.0 53 64.7
 
1. Child stops displaying distress cues without caregiver’s response. No 86 37.2 126 36.6 73 35.3 12 14.6
Yes 145 62.8 218 63.4 134 64.7 70 85.4
2. Child stops displaying distress cues without caregiver’s soothing attempts. No 70 30.3 87 25.3 45 21.7 4 4.9
Yes 161 69.7 257 74.7 162 78.3 78 95.1
3. Child stops displaying distress cues within 15 seconds after caregiver’s soothing attempts. No 1 0.4 49 14.2 28 13.5 3 3.7
Yes 230 99.6 295 85.8 179 86.5 79 96.3
4. Child asks caregiver for help or consolation. No 8 3.5 13 3.8 6 2.9 0 0.0
Yes 223 96.5 331 96.2 201 97.1 82 100.0
5. Child is not startled by caregiver’s movements or changes in his/her facial expression. No 3 1.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 1.2
Yes 228 98.7 344 100.0 207 100.0 81 98.8

a–e: Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison tests (behavioral total score was used).

a18 < 30 < 42, 18 < 7Y, b18 < 30 < 42, 7Y < 42, c18 < 42, 30 < 42, d42 < 30, 42 < 18, 42 < 7Y, e18 < 7Y, 30 < 7Y, 42 < 7Y.