Table 4.
Diet pattern z‐scores by child, parent and family characteristics
| Variable | n | Snack and fruit pattern | Lacto‐vegetarian pattern | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Score* | P † | Score* | P † | ||||
| Child | Gender | 254 | Male | 0.06 (1.0) | 0.176 | −0.02 (1.0) | 0.659 |
| 284 | Female | −0.05 (0.9) | 0.02 (0.9) | ||||
| Mother | Education (years) | 199 | <10 | −0.09 (1.1) | 0.106 | 0.05 (0.9) | 0.661 |
| 167 | 10 | 0.13 (0.9) | −0.02 (0.9) | ||||
| 172 | >10 | −0.02 (0.9) | −0.04 (0.9) | ||||
| Parity* | 275 | 0 | −0.04 (1.0) | 0.151 | −0.02 (0.9) | 0.304 | |
| 175 | 1 | −0.03 (0.9) | 0.13 (0.9) | ||||
| 88 | >1 | 0.19 (1.1) | −0.20 (1.1) | ||||
| Body mass index (kg m−2) | 30 | <18.5 | −0.09 (1.1) | 0.194 | 0.36 (0.9) | <0.001 | |
| 224 | 18.5–25.0 | −0.04 (0.9) | 0.13 (0.9) | ||||
| 262 | >25.0 | 0.06 (0.9) | −0.13 (0.9) | ||||
| Father | Education (years) | 206 | <10 | 0.07 (1.0) | 0.365 | −0.15 (1.0) | 0.012 |
| 114 | 10 | −0.08 (0.9) | 0.02 (0.9) | ||||
| 218 | >10 | −0.02 (0.9) | 0.13 (0.9) | ||||
| Family | Religion | 306 | Hindu | −0.26 (0.9) | <0.001 | 0.59 (0.7) | <0.001 |
| 190 | Muslim | 0.43 (0.9) | −0.93 (0.7) | ||||
| 42 | Other | −0.06 (0.9) | −0.10 (0.7) | ||||
| Dwelling | 136 | Rural | −0.31 (1.1) | <0.001 | 0.49 (0.8) | <0.001 | |
| 402 | Urban | 0.10 (0.9) | −0.17 (0.9) | ||||
| Family type | 324 | Nuclear | 0.09 (0.9) | 0.009 | 0.03 (0.9) | 0.381 | |
| 213 | Joint | −0.14 (0.9) | −0.05 (0.9) | ||||
| Occupation ‡ | 115 | Unskilled | 0.22 (0.9) | 0.013 | −0.17 (1.0) | 0.052 | |
| 357 | Skilled | −0.09 (1.0) | 0.02 (0.9) | ||||
| 66 | Professional | 0.08 (0.9) | 0.19 (1.0) | ||||
| Standard of living (SLI score) | 135 | 1st quarter | −0.02 (1.1) | 0.649 | −0.19 (1.0) | 0.079 | |
| 134 | 2nd quarter | 0.05 (0.8) | −0.01 (0.9) | ||||
| 134 | 3rd quarter | 0.02 (1.1) | 0.12 (0.9) | ||||
| 135 | 4th quarter | −0.05 (0.9) | 0.09 (0.9) | ||||
| Season | 99 | Winter | −0.61 | <0.001 | −0.12 | 0.005 | |
| 114 | Pre‐monsoon | 0.50 | 0.28 | ||||
| 203 | Monsoon | 0.20 | −0.10 | ||||
| 121 | Post‐monsoon | −0.31 | 0.00 | ||||
*Mean (SD) pattern z‐score, †All analyses are univariate models, P values are based on t‐test or analysis of variance statistics except for Maternal body mass index and SLI where P values are based on correlation coefficients. ‡Refers to occupation of the head of the household. Unskilled category comprises unemployed, unskilled and semi‐skilled individuals.